{ "name": "Sourcing Diversification Tracker: U.S. Manufacturing Import Concentration", "version": "2.0.0", "description": "For every tracked U.S. manufacturing family, the retained-source lower bound of the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) per year, its exact 2018 reading where available (otherwise the family's first tracked year) versus latest, and the direction of that HHI floor. Board-value coverage is explicit; the result does not claim full-market concentration when a source tail is omitted. USITC public-domain.", "url": "https://www.mfgcalcs.com/signals/diversification", "baseYear": "2018", "moveThreshold": 200, "unit": "named-source HHI lower bound on a 0-10000 scale", "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "attribution": "MFG Calcs (mfgcalcs.com), compiled from USITC DataWeb open data", "count": 57, "families": [ { "family": "semiconductors", "label": "Semiconductors and integrated circuits", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 980, "hhiLatest": 1220, "hhiDelta": 240, "band": "diversified", "trend": "concentrating", "topCountry": "Taiwan", "topSharePct": 24, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 81, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.4, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 980 ], [ "2024", 1080 ], [ "2025", 1220 ] ] }, { "family": "nickel-alloys", "label": "Nickel and nickel alloys", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1440, "hhiLatest": 1660, "hhiDelta": 220, "band": "moderately concentrated", "trend": "concentrating", "topCountry": "Canada", "topSharePct": 35.7, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 90.2, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 88.9, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1430 ], [ "2015", 1380 ], [ "2016", 1830 ], [ "2017", 1460 ], [ "2018", 1440 ], [ "2019", 1600 ], [ "2020", 2050 ], [ "2021", 1880 ], [ "2022", 1420 ], [ "2023", 1710 ], [ "2024", 1400 ], [ "2025", 1660 ] ] }, { "family": "machine-tools-forming", "label": "Metal-forming machine tools", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 850, "hhiLatest": 980, "hhiDelta": 130, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Germany", "topSharePct": 18.9, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 79.1, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.8, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 850 ], [ "2024", 960 ], [ "2025", 980 ] ] }, { "family": "engines", "label": "Internal combustion engines", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1680, "hhiLatest": 1780, "hhiDelta": 100, "band": "moderately concentrated", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 35.9, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 93, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 90.9, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1590 ], [ "2015", 1570 ], [ "2016", 1830 ], [ "2017", 1770 ], [ "2018", 1680 ], [ "2019", 1720 ], [ "2020", 1710 ], [ "2021", 1660 ], [ "2022", 1670 ], [ "2023", 1730 ], [ "2024", 1890 ], [ "2025", 1780 ] ] }, { "family": "rubber-products", "label": "Rubber materials and products", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 960, "hhiLatest": 1030, "hhiDelta": 70, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 25.6, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 80.7, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 80, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 900 ], [ "2015", 940 ], [ "2016", 960 ], [ "2017", 960 ], [ "2018", 960 ], [ "2019", 910 ], [ "2020", 950 ], [ "2021", 910 ], [ "2022", 890 ], [ "2023", 1020 ], [ "2024", 1000 ], [ "2025", 1030 ] ] }, { "family": "filtering-separation", "label": "Filtering and separation equipment", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1240, "hhiLatest": 1270, "hhiDelta": 30, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 30, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 79, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 78.2, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 1240 ], [ "2024", 1300 ], [ "2025", 1270 ] ] }, { "family": "steel-flat-rolled", "label": "Steel flat-rolled products", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1390, "hhiLatest": 1410, "hhiDelta": 20, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Canada", "topSharePct": 29.8, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 84.8, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 88, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 960 ], [ "2015", 1010 ], [ "2016", 1250 ], [ "2017", 1100 ], [ "2018", 1390 ], [ "2019", 1650 ], [ "2020", 1930 ], [ "2021", 1760 ], [ "2022", 1540 ], [ "2023", 1930 ], [ "2024", 1520 ], [ "2025", 1410 ] ] }, { "family": "stainless-steel", "label": "Stainless steel mill products", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 700, "hhiLatest": 720, "hhiDelta": 20, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Taiwan", "topSharePct": 17.1, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 76.8, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 74.8, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 730 ], [ "2015", 760 ], [ "2016", 660 ], [ "2017", 640 ], [ "2018", 700 ], [ "2019", 670 ], [ "2020", 650 ], [ "2021", 810 ], [ "2022", 800 ], [ "2023", 740 ], [ "2024", 730 ], [ "2025", 720 ] ] }, { "family": "steel-pipe-tube", "label": "Steel pipe and tube", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 690, "hhiLatest": 710, "hhiDelta": 20, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "South Korea", "topSharePct": 16.2, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 70, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 74.3, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 880 ], [ "2015", 760 ], [ "2016", 910 ], [ "2017", 850 ], [ "2018", 690 ], [ "2019", 700 ], [ "2020", 900 ], [ "2021", 1140 ], [ "2022", 820 ], [ "2023", 800 ], [ "2024", 840 ], [ "2025", 710 ] ] }, { "family": "lifting-handling", "label": "Lifting and handling equipment", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 910, "hhiLatest": 930, "hhiDelta": 20, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 16.6, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 86.2, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 86, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 910 ], [ "2024", 890 ], [ "2025", 930 ] ] }, { "family": "turbines", "label": "Turbines and fluid-power drives", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 930, "hhiLatest": 940, "hhiDelta": 10, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Canada", "topSharePct": 18.4, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 84.1, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.2, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1100 ], [ "2015", 1000 ], [ "2016", 920 ], [ "2017", 910 ], [ "2018", 930 ], [ "2019", 1060 ], [ "2020", 760 ], [ "2021", 810 ], [ "2022", 990 ], [ "2023", 1000 ], [ "2024", 960 ], [ "2025", 940 ] ] }, { "family": "switchgear-connectors", "label": "Switchgear, connectors, and controls", "baseYear": "2020", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1590, "hhiLatest": 1590, "hhiDelta": 0, "band": "moderately concentrated", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 37.2, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 80.3, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 76.3, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2020", 1590 ], [ "2021", 1490 ], [ "2022", 1550 ], [ "2023", 1710 ], [ "2024", 1670 ], [ "2025", 1590 ] ] }, { "family": "measuring-instruments", "label": "Measuring and inspection instruments", "baseYear": "2020", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 820, "hhiLatest": 800, "hhiDelta": -20, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 17.2, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 77.8, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 74.7, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2020", 820 ], [ "2021", 770 ], [ "2022", 750 ], [ "2023", 730 ], [ "2024", 730 ], [ "2025", 800 ] ] }, { "family": "industrial-furnaces", "label": "Industrial furnaces and ovens", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 800, "hhiLatest": 780, "hhiDelta": -20, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Germany", "topSharePct": 17.1, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 79.3, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 76.5, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 800 ], [ "2024", 990 ], [ "2025", 780 ] ] }, { "family": "plastics-rubber-machinery", "label": "Plastics and rubber machinery", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1350, "hhiLatest": 1320, "hhiDelta": -30, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Germany", "topSharePct": 28.8, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 85.9, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 87.6, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 1350 ], [ "2024", 1340 ], [ "2025", 1320 ] ] }, { "family": "compressors-fans", "label": "Compressors and fans", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1210, "hhiLatest": 1170, "hhiDelta": -40, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 23.2, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.6, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.7, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 1210 ], [ "2024", 1180 ], [ "2025", 1170 ] ] }, { "family": "heat-exchange", "label": "Heat exchange and process heating", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 850, "hhiLatest": 810, "hhiDelta": -40, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 15.9, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 80.1, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 79.7, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 850 ], [ "2024", 810 ], [ "2025", 810 ] ] }, { "family": "industrial-robots", "label": "Robots and automated machinery", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 890, "hhiLatest": 850, "hhiDelta": -40, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Germany", "topSharePct": 19.1, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 79.5, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 78.4, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 890 ], [ "2024", 900 ], [ "2025", 850 ] ] }, { "family": "glass-fiber", "label": "Glass fiber and reinforcements", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1430, "hhiLatest": 1360, "hhiDelta": -70, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 28.6, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.5, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 80.6, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 1430 ], [ "2024", 1400 ], [ "2025", 1360 ] ] }, { "family": "steel-long-products", "label": "Steel bar, rod, and wire", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 920, "hhiLatest": 840, "hhiDelta": -80, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Canada", "topSharePct": 19.8, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 79, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 77.1, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1210 ], [ "2015", 1260 ], [ "2016", 1130 ], [ "2017", 1000 ], [ "2018", 920 ], [ "2019", 910 ], [ "2020", 1650 ], [ "2021", 1550 ], [ "2022", 1400 ], [ "2023", 1350 ], [ "2024", 1300 ], [ "2025", 840 ] ] }, { "family": "packaging-machinery", "label": "Packaging and filling machinery", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1310, "hhiLatest": 1230, "hhiDelta": -80, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Germany", "topSharePct": 24.7, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 86.6, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 83.4, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1360 ], [ "2015", 1240 ], [ "2016", 1350 ], [ "2017", 1260 ], [ "2018", 1310 ], [ "2019", 1250 ], [ "2020", 1230 ], [ "2021", 1180 ], [ "2022", 1010 ], [ "2023", 1190 ], [ "2024", 1170 ], [ "2025", 1230 ] ] }, { "family": "aluminum-semis", "label": "Aluminum semi-finished products", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 810, "hhiLatest": 720, "hhiDelta": -90, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Canada", "topSharePct": 20.1, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 66.5, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 65.1, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1510 ], [ "2015", 1610 ], [ "2016", 1550 ], [ "2017", 1430 ], [ "2018", 810 ], [ "2019", 520 ], [ "2020", 750 ], [ "2021", 750 ], [ "2022", 720 ], [ "2023", 860 ], [ "2024", 800 ], [ "2025", 720 ] ] }, { "family": "electric-motors", "label": "Electric motors and generators", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1350, "hhiLatest": 1260, "hhiDelta": -90, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 29, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 81.2, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 80.1, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 1350 ], [ "2024", 1290 ], [ "2025", 1260 ] ] }, { "family": "machine-tools-cutting", "label": "Metal-cutting machine tools", "baseYear": "2020", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1570, "hhiLatest": 1470, "hhiDelta": -100, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Japan", "topSharePct": 26.8, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 90.5, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 89.1, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2020", 1570 ], [ "2021", 1580 ], [ "2022", 1550 ], [ "2023", 1480 ], [ "2024", 1440 ], [ "2025", 1470 ] ] }, { "family": "gaskets-seals", "label": "Gaskets and mechanical seals", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1100, "hhiLatest": 1000, "hhiDelta": -100, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 22.3, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 84.3, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 81.3, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1180 ], [ "2015", 1240 ], [ "2016", 1260 ], [ "2017", 1140 ], [ "2018", 1100 ], [ "2019", 1140 ], [ "2020", 1080 ], [ "2021", 1050 ], [ "2022", 1010 ], [ "2023", 1050 ], [ "2024", 1050 ], [ "2025", 1000 ] ] }, { "family": "pumps", "label": "Pumps for liquids", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1110, "hhiLatest": 1000, "hhiDelta": -110, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 21.4, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 83.5, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 81.1, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1210 ], [ "2015", 1150 ], [ "2016", 1180 ], [ "2017", 1140 ], [ "2018", 1110 ], [ "2019", 1080 ], [ "2020", 1130 ], [ "2021", 1040 ], [ "2022", 1020 ], [ "2023", 1040 ], [ "2024", 1040 ], [ "2025", 1000 ] ] }, { "family": "optical-components", "label": "Optical elements and lenses", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 950, "hhiLatest": 810, "hhiDelta": -140, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Japan", "topSharePct": 16.7, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.3, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 77.3, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1010 ], [ "2015", 980 ], [ "2016", 970 ], [ "2017", 960 ], [ "2018", 950 ], [ "2019", 880 ], [ "2020", 800 ], [ "2021", 900 ], [ "2022", 910 ], [ "2023", 870 ], [ "2024", 880 ], [ "2025", 810 ] ] }, { "family": "plastics-resins", "label": "Plastics in primary forms", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1630, "hhiLatest": 1480, "hhiDelta": -150, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Canada", "topSharePct": 33.2, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 83.6, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.2, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 1630 ], [ "2024", 1610 ], [ "2025", 1480 ] ] }, { "family": "power-transmission", "label": "Gears and power transmission", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 960, "hhiLatest": 790, "hhiDelta": -170, "band": "diversified", "trend": "steady", "topCountry": "Germany", "topSharePct": 12.5, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 83.7, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.6, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 990 ], [ "2015", 1020 ], [ "2016", 990 ], [ "2017", 950 ], [ "2018", 960 ], [ "2019", 940 ], [ "2020", 910 ], [ "2021", 900 ], [ "2022", 860 ], [ "2023", 770 ], [ "2024", 770 ], [ "2025", 790 ] ] }, { "family": "abrasives", "label": "Abrasives and grinding wheels", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 890, "hhiLatest": 690, "hhiDelta": -200, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 13.6, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 81.4, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 76.6, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 880 ], [ "2015", 880 ], [ "2016", 890 ], [ "2017", 850 ], [ "2018", 890 ], [ "2019", 850 ], [ "2020", 820 ], [ "2021", 760 ], [ "2022", 750 ], [ "2023", 730 ], [ "2024", 700 ], [ "2025", 690 ] ] }, { "family": "specialty-metals", "label": "Titanium and tungsten", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1380, "hhiLatest": 1180, "hhiDelta": -200, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Japan", "topSharePct": 28.9, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 89.6, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.2, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1220 ], [ "2015", 1240 ], [ "2016", 1440 ], [ "2017", 1350 ], [ "2018", 1380 ], [ "2019", 1330 ], [ "2020", 1300 ], [ "2021", 1230 ], [ "2022", 1220 ], [ "2023", 1270 ], [ "2024", 1210 ], [ "2025", 1180 ] ] }, { "family": "iron-steel-articles", "label": "Iron and steel castings and articles", "baseYear": "2020", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1540, "hhiLatest": 1310, "hhiDelta": -230, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "China", "topSharePct": 27.4, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 84.5, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 81.6, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2020", 1540 ], [ "2021", 1510 ], [ "2022", 1550 ], [ "2023", 1410 ], [ "2024", 1450 ], [ "2025", 1310 ] ] }, { "family": "bearings", "label": "Bearings", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1200, "hhiLatest": 960, "hhiDelta": -240, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Japan", "topSharePct": 21.5, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 85.2, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 84.1, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1320 ], [ "2015", 1290 ], [ "2016", 1220 ], [ "2017", 1230 ], [ "2018", 1200 ], [ "2019", 1200 ], [ "2020", 1160 ], [ "2021", 1200 ], [ "2022", 1090 ], [ "2023", 1020 ], [ "2024", 970 ], [ "2025", 960 ] ] }, { "family": "plastic-semis", "label": "Plastic semi-finished products", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1140, "hhiLatest": 900, "hhiDelta": -240, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Canada", "topSharePct": 22.9, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 80.9, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 73.6, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1160 ], [ "2015", 1130 ], [ "2016", 1140 ], [ "2017", 1160 ], [ "2018", 1140 ], [ "2019", 1050 ], [ "2020", 1040 ], [ "2021", 1080 ], [ "2022", 1050 ], [ "2023", 1110 ], [ "2024", 1050 ], [ "2025", 900 ] ] }, { "family": "adhesives-sealants", "label": "Adhesives and sealants", "baseYear": "2020", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1380, "hhiLatest": 1100, "hhiDelta": -280, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Germany", "topSharePct": 23.7, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 84.9, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 80.9, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2020", 1380 ], [ "2021", 1210 ], [ "2022", 1170 ], [ "2023", 1200 ], [ "2024", 1160 ], [ "2025", 1100 ] ] }, { "family": "passive-components", "label": "Capacitors, resistors, and circuit boards", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1450, "hhiLatest": 1150, "hhiDelta": -300, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Taiwan", "topSharePct": 19.3, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 84, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.9, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1550 ], [ "2015", 1510 ], [ "2016", 1490 ], [ "2017", 1530 ], [ "2018", 1450 ], [ "2019", 1250 ], [ "2020", 1250 ], [ "2021", 1290 ], [ "2022", 1230 ], [ "2023", 1140 ], [ "2024", 1170 ], [ "2025", 1150 ] ] }, { "family": "steel-springs-chain", "label": "Springs, chain, and wire mesh", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 2080, "hhiLatest": 1770, "hhiDelta": -310, "band": "moderately concentrated", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 35.3, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 92.1, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 87.4, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1830 ], [ "2015", 1930 ], [ "2016", 2140 ], [ "2017", 2070 ], [ "2018", 2080 ], [ "2019", 1970 ], [ "2020", 1850 ], [ "2021", 1770 ], [ "2022", 1730 ], [ "2023", 1690 ], [ "2024", 1740 ], [ "2025", 1770 ] ] }, { "family": "foundry-metallurgy", "label": "Foundry and rolling equipment", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1180, "hhiLatest": 850, "hhiDelta": -330, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Italy", "topSharePct": 16.7, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 87.4, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.2, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1330 ], [ "2015", 1280 ], [ "2016", 1200 ], [ "2017", 1870 ], [ "2018", 1180 ], [ "2019", 980 ], [ "2020", 970 ], [ "2021", 910 ], [ "2022", 890 ], [ "2023", 970 ], [ "2024", 1030 ], [ "2025", 850 ] ] }, { "family": "technical-ceramics", "label": "Technical and refractory ceramics", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 2120, "hhiLatest": 1760, "hhiDelta": -360, "band": "moderately concentrated", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Japan", "topSharePct": 31.6, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 91.7, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 89, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1780 ], [ "2015", 2050 ], [ "2016", 2150 ], [ "2017", 2280 ], [ "2018", 2120 ], [ "2019", 2050 ], [ "2020", 1940 ], [ "2021", 1770 ], [ "2022", 1790 ], [ "2023", 1950 ], [ "2024", 1850 ], [ "2025", 1760 ] ] }, { "family": "transformers-power", "label": "Transformers and power supplies", "baseYear": "2020", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1150, "hhiLatest": 780, "hhiDelta": -370, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 19.5, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 79.5, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 76, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2020", 1150 ], [ "2021", 1040 ], [ "2022", 1000 ], [ "2023", 890 ], [ "2024", 850 ], [ "2025", 780 ] ] }, { "family": "valves", "label": "Valves and fluid controls", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1330, "hhiLatest": 940, "hhiDelta": -390, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 20.1, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 85.3, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 79.9, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1160 ], [ "2015", 1190 ], [ "2016", 1210 ], [ "2017", 1270 ], [ "2018", 1330 ], [ "2019", 1140 ], [ "2020", 1140 ], [ "2021", 1170 ], [ "2022", 1110 ], [ "2023", 1010 ], [ "2024", 1010 ], [ "2025", 940 ] ] }, { "family": "cutting-tools", "label": "Cutting tools and inserts", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1190, "hhiLatest": 790, "hhiDelta": -400, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Germany", "topSharePct": 17, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 86.1, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 76.2, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1030 ], [ "2015", 1110 ], [ "2016", 1170 ], [ "2017", 1150 ], [ "2018", 1190 ], [ "2019", 1100 ], [ "2020", 1090 ], [ "2021", 960 ], [ "2022", 910 ], [ "2023", 830 ], [ "2024", 810 ], [ "2025", 790 ] ] }, { "family": "welding-equipment", "label": "Welding equipment", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1430, "hhiLatest": 1030, "hhiDelta": -400, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Japan", "topSharePct": 18.1, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 90.6, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 87.3, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1490 ], [ "2015", 1430 ], [ "2016", 1520 ], [ "2017", 1590 ], [ "2018", 1430 ], [ "2019", 1370 ], [ "2020", 1450 ], [ "2021", 1270 ], [ "2022", 1190 ], [ "2023", 1130 ], [ "2024", 1050 ], [ "2025", 1030 ] ] }, { "family": "coatings-paints", "label": "Paints, coatings, and finishes", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1760, "hhiLatest": 1340, "hhiDelta": -420, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Canada", "topSharePct": 29.2, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 87.4, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 88, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1760 ], [ "2015", 1830 ], [ "2016", 1830 ], [ "2017", 1770 ], [ "2018", 1760 ], [ "2019", 1780 ], [ "2020", 1700 ], [ "2021", 1600 ], [ "2022", 1650 ], [ "2023", 1630 ], [ "2024", 1400 ], [ "2025", 1340 ] ] }, { "family": "steel-fasteners", "label": "Steel fasteners", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1970, "hhiLatest": 1540, "hhiDelta": -430, "band": "moderately concentrated", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Taiwan", "topSharePct": 32, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 92.2, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 88, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1820 ], [ "2015", 1860 ], [ "2016", 1820 ], [ "2017", 1890 ], [ "2018", 1970 ], [ "2019", 1850 ], [ "2020", 1910 ], [ "2021", 2000 ], [ "2022", 2120 ], [ "2023", 1730 ], [ "2024", 1650 ], [ "2025", 1540 ] ] }, { "family": "tanks-vessels", "label": "Tanks, vessels, and gas cylinders", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1400, "hhiLatest": 970, "hhiDelta": -430, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 20, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 87.9, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 83.8, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1310 ], [ "2015", 1300 ], [ "2016", 1310 ], [ "2017", 1480 ], [ "2018", 1400 ], [ "2019", 1300 ], [ "2020", 1250 ], [ "2021", 1090 ], [ "2022", 1080 ], [ "2023", 1010 ], [ "2024", 1020 ], [ "2025", 970 ] ] }, { "family": "semiconductor-equipment", "label": "Semiconductor and display equipment", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1900, "hhiLatest": 1430, "hhiDelta": -470, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Japan", "topSharePct": 24.4, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 95, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 93, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 2330 ], [ "2015", 2000 ], [ "2016", 2260 ], [ "2017", 1990 ], [ "2018", 1900 ], [ "2019", 2700 ], [ "2020", 2070 ], [ "2021", 1890 ], [ "2022", 1940 ], [ "2023", 1590 ], [ "2024", 1420 ], [ "2025", 1430 ] ] }, { "family": "molds-dies", "label": "Molds and die sets", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 2310, "hhiLatest": 1790, "hhiDelta": -520, "band": "moderately concentrated", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Canada", "topSharePct": 37.2, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 91.4, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 85.8, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 2010 ], [ "2015", 2280 ], [ "2016", 2280 ], [ "2017", 2350 ], [ "2018", 2310 ], [ "2019", 2340 ], [ "2020", 2030 ], [ "2021", 2220 ], [ "2022", 2130 ], [ "2023", 2480 ], [ "2024", 1850 ], [ "2025", 1790 ] ] }, { "family": "wire-cable", "label": "Insulated wire and cable", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 3230, "hhiLatest": 2670, "hhiDelta": -560, "band": "highly concentrated", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 49.7, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 91.3, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 84.2, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 3190 ], [ "2015", 3240 ], [ "2016", 3240 ], [ "2017", 3070 ], [ "2018", 3230 ], [ "2019", 3270 ], [ "2020", 3010 ], [ "2021", 2900 ], [ "2022", 2750 ], [ "2023", 2910 ], [ "2024", 2960 ], [ "2025", 2670 ] ] }, { "family": "aluminum-articles", "label": "Aluminum articles", "baseYear": "2020", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1860, "hhiLatest": 1210, "hhiDelta": -650, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "China", "topSharePct": 22.7, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 88.4, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 83.4, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2020", 1860 ], [ "2021", 1800 ], [ "2022", 1640 ], [ "2023", 1450 ], [ "2024", 1340 ], [ "2025", 1210 ] ] }, { "family": "carbon-insulators", "label": "Carbon products and insulators", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1690, "hhiLatest": 1020, "hhiDelta": -670, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "China", "topSharePct": 22, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 89.9, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 83.2, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1160 ], [ "2015", 1250 ], [ "2016", 1230 ], [ "2017", 1360 ], [ "2018", 1690 ], [ "2019", 1090 ], [ "2020", 1260 ], [ "2021", 1320 ], [ "2022", 1080 ], [ "2023", 1030 ], [ "2024", 1140 ], [ "2025", 1020 ] ] }, { "family": "copper-semis", "label": "Copper semi-finished products", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1730, "hhiLatest": 1040, "hhiDelta": -690, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Canada", "topSharePct": 25.8, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 87.2, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 77.6, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1760 ], [ "2015", 1610 ], [ "2016", 1700 ], [ "2017", 1630 ], [ "2018", 1730 ], [ "2019", 1900 ], [ "2020", 1810 ], [ "2021", 1880 ], [ "2022", 1490 ], [ "2023", 1700 ], [ "2024", 1610 ], [ "2025", 1040 ] ] }, { "family": "steel-structures", "label": "Fabricated structural steel", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 1840, "hhiLatest": 990, "hhiDelta": -850, "band": "diversified", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Mexico", "topSharePct": 22.1, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 87.7, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 82.3, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 1580 ], [ "2015", 1610 ], [ "2016", 1570 ], [ "2017", 1660 ], [ "2018", 1840 ], [ "2019", 1280 ], [ "2020", 1220 ], [ "2021", 1310 ], [ "2022", 1280 ], [ "2023", 1150 ], [ "2024", 1000 ], [ "2025", 990 ] ] }, { "family": "batteries", "label": "Batteries and storage cells", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 3370, "hhiLatest": 2500, "hhiDelta": -870, "band": "moderately concentrated", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "China", "topSharePct": 45.2, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 94.5, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 92.4, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 3370 ], [ "2024", 3420 ], [ "2025", 2500 ] ] }, { "family": "hand-tools", "label": "Hand tools", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 3450, "hhiLatest": 1840, "hhiDelta": -1610, "band": "moderately concentrated", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "Taiwan", "topSharePct": 30, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 93, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 89.4, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 3430 ], [ "2015", 3390 ], [ "2016", 3350 ], [ "2017", 3340 ], [ "2018", 3450 ], [ "2019", 3170 ], [ "2020", 3080 ], [ "2021", 2780 ], [ "2022", 2540 ], [ "2023", 2310 ], [ "2024", 2190 ], [ "2025", 1840 ] ] }, { "family": "industrial-lighting", "label": "Lamps and LED lighting", "baseYear": "2023", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 4940, "hhiLatest": 3190, "hhiDelta": -1750, "band": "highly concentrated", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "China", "topSharePct": 55.1, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 92.4, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 87.7, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2023", 4940 ], [ "2024", 4980 ], [ "2025", 3190 ] ] }, { "family": "powered-hand-tools", "label": "Powered hand tools", "baseYear": "2018", "latestYear": "2025", "hhiBase": 4130, "hhiLatest": 2000, "hhiDelta": -2130, "band": "moderately concentrated", "trend": "diversifying", "topCountry": "China", "topSharePct": 29.2, "namedCountries": 10, "baseBoardValueCoveragePct": 95.8, "latestBoardValueCoveragePct": 94.9, "endpointBoardsComplete": false, "hhiBasis": "retained-source-lower-bound", "hhiSpark": [ [ "2014", 3590 ], [ "2015", 3620 ], [ "2016", 3710 ], [ "2017", 3830 ], [ "2018", 4130 ], [ "2019", 4290 ], [ "2020", 3150 ], [ "2021", 2640 ], [ "2022", 2420 ], [ "2023", 2060 ], [ "2024", 2200 ], [ "2025", 2000 ] ] } ] }